Mammography

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death from cancer among women in the world. However, great strides in early detection and improved treatment, including mammogram use, have decreased breast cancer deaths.

Having a mammogram plays a key role in early detection. Using a mammogram, your doctor can detect breast cancer nearly one to three years before you might actually feel a lump in your breast.

You stand in front of an X-ray machine specially designed for mammography. The technician places one of your breasts on a platform that holds the X-ray film and raises or lowers the platform to match your height.

Your breast is gradually pressed against the platform by a clear plastic plate. Pressure is applied for a few seconds to spread out the breast tissue. The pressure is not harmful, but you may find it uncomfortable or even painful. As you hold your breath, images are made of both your breasts.

The entire process should take about 30 minutes and you should be able to go continue with your every day activities as you await your results.

When do you need a Mammography?

Mammography can be used either for screening or for diagnostic purposes in evaluating a breast lump:

Screening mammography:

Screening mammography is used to detect breast changes in women who have no signs or symptoms or observable breast abnormalities. The goal is to detect cancer before any clinical signs are noticeable.

Diagnostic mammography:

Diagnostic mammography is used to investigate suspicious breast changes, such as a breast lump, breast pain, an unusual skin appearance, nipple thickening or nipple discharge.

Your doctor will recommend the frequency with which you can have a mammography. By the age of 26, you should be considering having a mammography. At the age of 40 years, or at risk of breast cancer, most experts agree that you should have a breast exam every one or two years.

What are the Risks in Mammography?

Mammography is not foolproof. It does have some limitations and potential risks. The dangers of breast cancer however, far outweigh the risks and one is encouraged to take the test. Some of the risks include:

• Mammography exposes you to low-dose radiation. The dosage is very low, though, and for women over age 40 the benefits of regular mammography outweigh the risks posed by this amount of radiation.
• Mammograms are not always accurate. The accuracy of the procedure depends in part on the quality of the film, the technique used, and the experience and skill of the radiologist.
• Mammograms in younger women can be difficult to interpret. The breasts of younger women contain more glands and ligaments than do those of older women,

Having a mammogram may lead to additional testing. It is also true that not all abnormal findings are cancerous in nature. If your mammogram shows areas of concern that may be cancer, your doctor will likely recommend a breast biopsy. If your mammogram or biopsy shows that you have breast cancer, you and your doctor can discuss the best course of treatment.

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