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Septic Shock
Septic shock is a life threatening condition that happens when a large amount of bacteria gets into your bloodstream. It normally happens when the number of bacteria in the blood multiplies uncontrollably causing a fall in blood pressure caused by blood poisoning.
It is a very dangerous condition that can lead to death if no treatment is sought. The bacteria are harmful because it can produce powerful toxins. If the amount of toxins produced is large enough, they can cause a dangerous effect on blood circulation.
Causes of Septic Shock
Your body can normally fight off any bacterium that gets into the blood. However, if the immune system is not working, it can be overwhelmed. The germs can get into the blood through the skin as well as from infections in your body.
The bacterium produces toxins that can severely damage cells in the body. The toxins attack the walls of the blood vessels, causing them to leak. The loss of fluid from the blood may be so great that the normal circulation may not be maintained and the blood pressure drops. This is what is called acute circulatory failure or shock.
Most at risk are newborn babies, elderly people and pregnant women. Those who have gone through major surgery, or immune systems that are not working properly.
Symptoms of Septic Shock
Septic shock can cause a dramatic drop in blood pressure, affecting the supply of oxygen to major organs like the liver, kidneys, heart and brain. It is important to note the signs of septic shock to avoid fatality. These include:
- Confusion and collapse,
- A rapid and weak pulse,
- Reduced urine flow,
- Pale looking skin, and
- Cold clammy skin
In very serious cases, the bacterial toxins can cause clotting of the blood within the small blood vessels.
Treatment of Septic Shock
Septic shock is a medical emergency and may require being treated in the intensive care unit. Large doses of antibiotics including infusion of fluids are given to fight off the infection and maintain blood pressure.
Medicines to help maintain blood pressure and increase blood flow into the organs of the body. These may include vasopressors such as dopamine, dobutamine and adrenaline. Oxygen may also be given in cases of breathing problems.
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